!!################################ !!ALSA Information Script v 0.4.64 !!################################ !!Script ran on: Mon Jan 22 17:13:50 UTC 2018 !!Linux Distribution !!------------------ Linux Mint 18.3 Sylvia \n \l DISTRIB_ID=LinuxMint DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Linux Mint 18.3 Sylvia" NAME="Linux Mint" ID=linuxmint ID_LIKE=ubuntu PRETTY_NAME="Linux Mint 18.3" HOME_URL="http://www.linuxmint.com/" SUPPORT_URL="http://forums.linuxmint.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/linuxmint/" UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial !!DMI Information !!--------------- Manufacturer: VMware, Inc. Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform Product Version: None Firmware Version: 6.00 Board Vendor: Intel Corporation Board Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform !!ACPI Device Status Information !!--------------- /sys/bus/acpi/devices/ACPI0003:00/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXCPU:00/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXCPU:7f/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0103:00/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:02/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:00/status 9 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:01/status 9 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:02/status 9 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:03/status 9 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:05/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:06/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:07/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:08/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:09/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:0b/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:89/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:8a/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:8b/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:8d/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:8f/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:9f/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:a1/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:a3/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:a5/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:a7/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:a9/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:ab/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:ad/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:af/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:b1/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:b3/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:b5/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:b7/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:b9/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:bb/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:bd/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:bf/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:c1/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:c3/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:c5/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:c7/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:c9/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:cb/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:cd/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:cf/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:d1/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:d3/status 15 /sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:d5/status 15 !!Kernel Information !!------------------ Kernel release: 4.13.0-26-generic Operating System: GNU/Linux Architecture: x86_64 Processor: x86_64 SMP Enabled: Yes !!ALSA Version !!------------ Driver version: k4.13.0-26-generic Library version: Utilities version: 1.1.0 !!Loaded ALSA modules !!------------------- snd_ens1371 !!Sound Servers on this system !!---------------------------- Pulseaudio: Installed - Yes (/usr/bin/pulseaudio) Running - Yes !!Soundcards recognised by ALSA !!----------------------------- 0 [AudioPCI ]: ENS1371 - Ensoniq AudioPCI Ensoniq AudioPCI ENS1371 at 0x2040, irq 16 !!PCI Soundcards installed in the system !!-------------------------------------- 02:02.0 Multimedia audio controller: Ensoniq ES1371 / Creative Labs CT2518/ES1373 (rev 02) !!Advanced information - PCI Vendor/Device/Subsystem ID's !!------------------------------------------------------- 02:02.0 0401: 1274:1371 (rev 02) DeviceName: sound !!Modprobe options (Sound related) !!-------------------------------- snd_pcsp: index=-2 snd_usb_audio: index=-2 snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2 snd_intel8x0m: index=-2 snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2 snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2 snd_intel8x0m: index=-2 snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2 snd_usb_audio: index=-2 snd_usb_caiaq: index=-2 snd_usb_ua101: index=-2 snd_usb_us122l: index=-2 snd_usb_usx2y: index=-2 snd_cmipci: mpu_port=0x330 fm_port=0x388 snd_pcsp: index=-2 snd_usb_audio: index=-2 !!Loaded sound module options !!--------------------------- !!Module: snd_ens1371 enable : Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y id : (null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null) index : -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 joystick_port : 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 lineio : 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 spdif : 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 !!AC97 Codec information !!---------------------- --startcollapse-- 0-0/0: Cirrus Logic CS4297A rev 3 PCI Subsys Vendor: 0x1274 PCI Subsys Device: 0x1371 Flags: 4 Capabilities : DAC resolution : 16-bit ADC resolution : 16-bit 3D enhancement : No 3D Stereo Enhancement Current setup Mic gain : 0dB [ 0dB] POP path : pre 3D Sim. stereo : off 3D enhancement : off Loudness : off Mono output : MIX Mic select : Mic1 ADC/DAC loopback : off 0:00 = 0000 0:02 = 0080 0:04 = 0000 0:06 = 0000 0:08 = 0000 0:0a = 0000 0:0c = bfbf 0:0e = bfbf 0:10 = bfbf 0:12 = bfbf 0:14 = bfbf 0:16 = bfbf 0:18 = 0585 0:1a = ffff 0:1c = 8b0b 0:1e = 0000 0:20 = 0000 0:22 = 0000 0:24 = 0000 0:26 = 000f 0:28 = 0000 0:2a = 0000 0:2c = 0000 0:2e = 0000 0:30 = 0000 0:32 = 0000 0:34 = 0000 0:36 = 0000 0:38 = 0000 0:3a = 0000 0:3c = 0000 0:3e = 0000 0:40 = 0000 0:42 = 0000 0:44 = 0000 0:46 = 0000 0:48 = 0000 0:4a = 0000 0:4c = 0000 0:4e = 0000 0:50 = 0000 0:52 = 0000 0:54 = 0000 0:56 = 0000 0:58 = 0000 0:5a = 0000 0:5c = 0000 0:5e = 0000 0:60 = 0000 0:62 = 0000 0:64 = 0000 0:66 = 0000 0:68 = 0000 0:6a = 0000 0:6c = 0000 0:6e = 0000 0:70 = 0000 0:72 = 0000 0:74 = 0000 0:76 = 0000 0:78 = 0000 0:7a = 0000 0:7c = 4352 0:7e = 5913 --endcollapse-- !!ALSA Device nodes !!----------------- crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 0 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/controlC0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 32 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/controlC1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 64 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/controlC2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 96 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/controlC3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 4 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC0D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 5 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC0D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 6 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC0D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 7 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC0D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 36 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC1D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 37 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC1D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 38 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC1D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 39 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC1D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 68 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC2D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 69 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC2D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 70 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC2D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 71 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC2D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 100 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC3D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 101 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC3D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 102 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC3D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 103 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/hwC3D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 8 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 9 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 10 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 11 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 12 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D4 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 13 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D5 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 14 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D6 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 15 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC0D7 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 40 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 41 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 42 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 43 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 44 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D4 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 45 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D5 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 46 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D6 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 47 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC1D7 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 72 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 73 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 74 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 75 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 76 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D4 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 77 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D5 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 78 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D6 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 79 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC2D7 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 104 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D0 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 105 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D1 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 106 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D2 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 107 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D3 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 108 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D4 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 109 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D5 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 110 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D6 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 111 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/midiC3D7 crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 24 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 16 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 25 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 17 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 26 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D2c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 18 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D2p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 27 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D3c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 19 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D3p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 28 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D4c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 20 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D4p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 29 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D5c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 21 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D5p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 30 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D6c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 22 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D6p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 31 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D7c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 23 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC0D7p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 56 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 48 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 57 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 49 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 58 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D2c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 50 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D2p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 59 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D3c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 51 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D3p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 60 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D4c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 52 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D4p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 61 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D5c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 53 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D5p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 62 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D6c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 54 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D6p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 63 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D7c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 55 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC1D7p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 88 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 80 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 89 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 81 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 90 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D2c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 82 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D2p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 91 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D3c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 83 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D3p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 92 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D4c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 84 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D4p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 93 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D5c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 85 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D5p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 94 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D6c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 86 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D6p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 95 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D7c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 87 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC2D7p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 120 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D0c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 112 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D0p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 121 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D1c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 113 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D1p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 122 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D2c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 114 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D2p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 123 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D3c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 115 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D3p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 124 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D4c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 116 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D4p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 125 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D5c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 117 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D5p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 126 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D6c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 118 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D6p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 127 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D7c crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 119 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/pcmC3D7p crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 1 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/seq crw-rw---- 1 root audio 116, 33 Jan 22 18:13 /dev/snd/timer /dev/snd/by-path: total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 Jan 22 16:21 . drwxr-x--- 3 root audio 2420 Jan 22 18:13 .. lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jan 22 16:21 pci-0000:02:02.0 -> ../controlC0 !!Aplay/Arecord output !!-------------------- APLAY aplay: device_list:268: no soundcards found... ARECORD arecord: device_list:268: no soundcards found... !!Amixer output !!------------- !!-------Mixer controls for card 0 [AudioPCI] Invalid card number. Usage: amixer [command] Available options: -h,--help this help -c,--card N select the card -D,--device N select the device, default 'default' -d,--debug debug mode -n,--nocheck do not perform range checking -v,--version print version of this program -q,--quiet be quiet -i,--inactive show also inactive controls -a,--abstract L select abstraction level (none or basic) -s,--stdin Read and execute commands from stdin sequentially -R,--raw-volume Use the raw value (default) -M,--mapped-volume Use the mapped volume Available commands: scontrols show all mixer simple controls scontents show contents of all mixer simple controls (default command) sset sID P set contents for one mixer simple control sget sID get contents for one mixer simple control controls show all controls for given card contents show contents of all controls for given card cset cID P set control contents for one control cget cID get control contents for one control Invalid card number. Usage: amixer [command] Available options: -h,--help this help -c,--card N select the card -D,--device N select the device, default 'default' -d,--debug debug mode -n,--nocheck do not perform range checking -v,--version print version of this program -q,--quiet be quiet -i,--inactive show also inactive controls -a,--abstract L select abstraction level (none or basic) -s,--stdin Read and execute commands from stdin sequentially -R,--raw-volume Use the raw value (default) -M,--mapped-volume Use the mapped volume Available commands: scontrols show all mixer simple controls scontents show contents of all mixer simple controls (default command) sset sID P set contents for one mixer simple control sget sID get contents for one mixer simple control controls show all controls for given card contents show contents of all controls for given card cset cID P set control contents for one control cget cID get control contents for one control !!Alsactl output !!-------------- --startcollapse-- --endcollapse-- !!All Loaded Modules !!------------------ Module nls_iso8859_1 uas usb_storage xfs jfs crct10dif_pclmul crc32_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel snd_ens1371 pcbc snd_ac97_codec gameport ac97_bus aesni_intel aes_x86_64 crypto_simd glue_helper snd_pcm cryptd vmw_balloon intel_rapl_perf snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event snd_rawmidi snd_seq snd_seq_device joydev snd_timer input_leds serio_raw snd soundcore ip6t_REJECT nf_reject_ipv6 nfit nf_log_ipv6 i2c_piix4 shpchp vmw_vmci xt_hl ip6t_rt nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 ipt_REJECT nf_reject_ipv4 nf_log_ipv4 nf_log_common mac_hid xt_LOG xt_limit xt_tcpudp xt_addrtype nf_conntrack_ipv4 binfmt_misc nf_defrag_ipv4 xt_conntrack ip6table_filter ip6_tables nf_conntrack_netbios_ns nf_conntrack_broadcast nf_nat_ftp nf_nat nf_conntrack_ftp nf_conntrack libcrc32c iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables parport_pc ppdev lp parport autofs4 btrfs xor raid6_pq dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log hid_generic usbhid hid psmouse vmwgfx ttm drm_kms_helper mptspi e1000 mptscsih ahci syscopyarea sysfillrect libahci sysimgblt fb_sys_fops drm mptbase scsi_transport_spi pata_acpi !!ALSA/HDA dmesg !!--------------